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Anthropolis
Industrial Revolution
The industrial transformation is not merely physical; it is existential. We have been uprooted from the biosphere that shaped us. The ancient human instincts — cooperation, reciprocity, stewardship — are suffocated beneath asphalt and debt.
During the first Industrial Revolution, society underwent a transformation driven by fossil fuels — first coal, then oil — that reshaped how humans lived, worked, and related to one another. What had once been autonomous, self-sufficient villages rooted in ecology and community was replaced by an industrial society organized around energy extraction, mechanization, and centralized production.
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